ABSTRACT
To examine current literature on the role of physical therapy (PT) in management of post COVID-19 related conditions and common symptomatology in adults, as well as potential guidelines for rehabilitation in the outpatient setting. PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane. Searches were conducted to examine current data related to PT interventions and their effectiveness for treating post COVID-19 conditions. Articles were evaluated for relevance based on the following criteria: articles in English, original peer reviewed articles, adult population (over 18), relevant PT interventions for rehabilitation, post-acute infection of COVID-19. Consensus agreement confirmed approximately 25% of reviewed articles. Articles were analyzed for relevance to implications regarding post COVID-19 and potential PT rehabilitation interventions. Interventions were assessed in feasibility and applicability to an outpatient clinic setting. Independent Data Extraction followed by consensus discussion was applied. Articles were examined for content regarding the latest updates on disease criteria, manifestations, new classifications, and cohorts emerging as the pandemic progresses as well as management strategies applicable to PT practice. After article analysis, the findings include a key theme that PT services helped improve overall functional mobility and symptom management in patients after an acute infection of COVID-19. An essential consideration is keeping the interventions specific to the patient and their goals while preventing exacerbations of symptoms that could lead to further setbacks. PT has a growing role in the management of post COVID-19 deficits as well as implications related to long COVID sequelae. By choosing the appropriate parameters and having awareness of the varying symptomology amongst patients, physical therapists can improve patients' functional mobility and post COVID-19 disease management. The focus of future studies should include more specific interventions related to managing conditions and finding the most effective treatment strategies. No conflicts to disclose.
ABSTRACT
As reflected in the surge of anti-Asian discrimination following the outbreak of COVID-19, Asian Americans continue to face subtle and overt forms of racism despite the misguided popular image as the "model minority." Prior research has found that perceived discrimination experiences are associated with adverse mental health outcomes for Asian Americans. The current study extends the literature by exploring pathways that link perceptions of discrimination and psychological distress and protective factors that disrupt this link. The study tested a moderated mediation model that included internalized racism as a mediator and critical action and ethnic identity as moderators, utilizing the bootstrap-based PROCESS analysis (Hayes, 2013). Participants were 424 Asian American adults ranging in age from 18 to 73 that completed an online survey. Results indicated that internalized racism mediated the relation between perceptions of discrimination and psychological distress. Critical action, but not ethnic identity, significantly moderated the mediated effect of racial discrimination on psychological distress through internalized racism. Specifically, among Asian Americans that reported high levels of critical action, internalized racism did not the mediate the relation between perceived racial discrimination and psychological distress. Findings are discussed in terms of their implication for clinical practice, educational and community programming, and advocacy efforts for Asian Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Background: Telemedicine has been increasingly embraced by the healthcare system in recent years, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Adult views of telemedicine interventions are largely favorable, particularly after adults receive these interventions. However, the attitudes and perceptions that emerging adults (EAs) with chronic pain have about telemedicine remain understudied. In addition, barriers to accessing telemedicine among this population are unclear. The transition from adolescent-oriented to adult-oriented healthcare can interfere with patients' engagement in their healthcare, and patient opinions are an important aspect of successful transitions. This is particularly true for EAs with chronic health conditions, and it is important to identify ways to support their self-reliance and autonomy in managing their healthcare needs as they undergo this transition. The current study aimed to determine the barriers to and perceptions of telemedicine utilization among EAs with chronic pain.Methods: Participants in the quantitative phase were 59 EAs with chronic pain who completed the Patient Assessment of Communication during Telemedicine (PACT) and Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). The qualitative phase utilized individual interviews of eight EAs with chronic pain to further characterize the barriers identified in the quantitative phase and assess how these barriers can be addressed in acceptable ways. We utilized thematic analysis from a phenomenological lens to code qualitative data.Results: Descriptive analyses of quantitative surveys revealed patient-level barriers to telemedicine utilization and satisfaction, including feeling unsatisfied with the patient-provider relationship and poor communication during telemedicine interventions. Results of the qualitative interviews revealed four major themes: (1) Relationship and communication with provider, (2) Provider competence, (3) Logistical aspects of telehealth, and (4) Technology concerns.Discussion: This study elucidated several barriers to telemedicine utilization and satisfaction among EAs with chronic pain. We provide guidelines about how providers can improve the aspects of telemedicine that our study participants indicated concern about. We also discuss provider burnout and its implications in patient satisfaction with telemedicine. The guidelines provided by this study may be useful in helping to decrease the number of patients lost to follow-up when transitioning from adolescent healthcare to adult healthcare. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Researchers and legislators are seeking ways to improve educational leadership programs to better prepare individuals to lead today's schools. Researchers have often focused these efforts on an objectivist research paradigm, examining program outcomes and perspectives of current leaders. As such, few studies have engaged students in conversations about their internship experience. The purpose of the present study is to examine graduate students' perceptions of their internship experience and preparation in the field upon completing a year-long internship grounded in Experiential Learning Theory and the Professional Standards for Educational Leaders. The study additionally examined whether gender differences existed in these perceptions. It is the theory of the current study that the use of this subjective research is a critical step in strengthening educational leadership programs. The overarching research question that guided this study was, Do graduate students believe their internships provided them with the experiences necessary to be future educational leaders? The researcher posed the following research questions to further guide this study: (a) To what extent do graduate student interns believe their internships provided them with the experiential learning necessary to be educational leaders? (b) To what extent do graduate student interns feel prepared to carry out leadership skills related to the Professional Standards for Educational Leaders upon completing their internship? (c) What experiences do graduate student interns identify as the most and least beneficial in the internship? (d) Do students' perceptions of their internships and feelings of preparation differ by gender? Data were collected and research questions were analyzed using surveys and individual interviews at a single university. Four results emerged across quantitative and qualitative results: (a) students believed their internships provided them with the experiential learning necessary to be educational leaders, (b) students expressed confidence in their leadership performances, while also discussing a desire for additional practice due to the COVID pandemic, (c) students placed a high value on relationships and experiential learning, while also identifying the COVID pandemic as the least beneficial experience, (d) gender differences persist in the field of educational leadership. Results of this study support prior literature on educational leadership, while offering new data on students' views of their internship experience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)